Author: Andrea Dailey
Last saved by: Jennifer

Barley
Don Morishita and Dan Ball
Revised December 5, 2008
BARLEY—Wild Oat
•  glyphosate (several trade names)
Rate  0.375 to 0.75 lb ae/A
Time  Apply before, during, or after barley has been planted. Applications must be made before the barley emerges.
Remarks  Prepare seedbeds as far ahead of application as possible to permit maximum weed emergence. Be aware that glyphosate is formulated as 3 lb, 4 lb, 4.17 lb, 4.5 lb, and 5 lb ae/gal; be sure to use the correct amount of herbicide. Usually, the lowest rate can be used since the weeds are less than 1 inch tall. Glyphosate may also be used as a spot treatment in fields. Do not treat more than 10% of the field to be harvested. Some products require adding a nonionic surfactant; be sure to check the product label.
Caution  Carefully check the entire field to ensure that no barley has begun to emerge. Do not permit glyphosate to drift off target.
Site of action  Group 9: inhibits EPSP synthase 
Chemical family  None generally accepted
•  paraquat (Gramoxone Inteon)
Rate  0.5 to 1 lb ai/A (2 to 4 pints/A Gramoxone Inteon 2L)
Time  Apply before planting or before emergence. Must be applied before barley emerges.
Remarks  Prepare seedbeds as far ahead of application as possible to permit maximum weed emergence.
Caution  A restricted-use herbicide. Wear a long-sleeve shirt, long pants, shoes, and socks, and a NIOSH-approved respirator when handling and spraying with any N, R, P, or HE filter. Avoid contact with eyes and skin. Do not breathe spray mist.
Site of action  Group 22: photosystem I electron diversion 
Chemical family  Bipyridilium
•  triallate (Far-Go)
Rate  1.25 to 1.5 lb ai/A (1.25 quarts/A Far-Go 4EC or 12.5 to 15 lb/A Far-Go granules)
Time  Apply preplant or postplant and incorporate.
Remarks  Use higher rate on spring barley. Incorporate with equipment such as a culti-harrow, springtooth cultivator, or duck-foot cultivator thoroughly 1 to 2 inches deep. A second incorporation at right angles should provide better results. If applied postplanting, cultivate with a flex multiweeder or harrow and follow with a second incorporation at right angles, adjusting incorporation depth so seeds are not disturbed. Do not graze treated areas. Do not apply on barley underseeded to legumes. 
Site of action  Group 8: lipid synthesis inhibitor but not an ACCase inhibitor
Chemical family  Thiocarbamate
•  imazamethabenz (Assert)
Rate  0.41 to 0.47 lb ai/A (1.3 to 1.5 pints/A Assert 2.5LC)
Time  Apply to barley from the two-leaf stage but before first internode develops. Apply when wild oats are in the one- to four-leaf growth stage.
Remarks  If wild oat plants exceed 25/sq ft, use a minimum spray volume of 15 gal/A by ground. Use higher rate and increase spray volume if wild oats have begun tillering. Imazamethabenz also controls roughstalk bluegrass, interrupted windgrass, wild mustard, tansy mustard, flixweed, London rocket, and field pennycress and suppresses buckwheat and catchweed bedstraw. For optimum weed control, Assert must absorb into plant leaves for 3 hours before rain or overhead irrigation. Use a nonionic surfactant containing at least 80% ai. Do not use a surfactant that also acts as a buffering agent, or Assert may precipitate. Liquid fertilizers without phosphorus, such as 28-0-0, can be applied with Assert alone or with approved tank-mix partners.
Caution  Do not graze treated fields or cut treated foliage for silage or hay. Do not tank-mix Assert with dicamba or with amine formulations of MCPA or 2,4-D or with phosphorus fertilizers. Do not plant red beets, oats, rape, mustard, broccoli, peas, potatoes, or lentils for at least 15 months after application, or sugar beets for at least 20 months after application. See label restrictions on potatoes as a follow crop. Do not apply Assert if freezing temperatures are forecast.
Site of action  Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor 
Chemical family  Imidazolinone
BARLEY—Wild Oat, Italian Ryegrass, Barnyardgrass, Green Foxtail
•  diclofop (Hoelon)
Rate  0.75 to 1 lb ai/A (2 to 2.67 pints/A Hoelon 3EC)
Time  Apply when weeds are in the one- to four-leaf stage of growth.
Remarks  Do not apply more than once in a growing season. Apply to one- to four-leaf barley. Do not use on winter barley. Do not apply a broadleaf herbicide other than those approved for tank-mixtures within 5 days of a diclofop treatment. Only Buctril, Harmony GT, and Peak may be tank-mixed with Hoelon. Do not graze treated fields.
Caution  A restricted-use herbicide.
Site of action  Group 1: acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor 
Chemical family  Aryloxyphenoxy propionate
•  difenzoquat (Avenge)
Rate  0.63 to 1 lb ai/A (2.5 to 4 pints/A Avenge 2LC)
Time  Apply when most wild oat plants have three to five leaves on the main stem. Timing of Avenge application to wild oats frequently coincides with barley in the two- to seven-leaf stage.
Remarks  Use lower rate on wild oat densities of one to ten plants/sq ft. Use highest rate on wild oat densities greater than 25 plants/sq ft. For spray volumes above 10 gal/A of spray, a surfactant must be added. Use any nonionic surfactant of at least 80% ai. 
Caution  Do not apply if rain is expected within 6 hr, freezing temperatures are forecast, plants are wet, or if barley flag leaf is exposed. Do not get into eyes. Do not graze the treated field. Do not apply more than once per growing season.
Site of action  Group 26: unknown 
Chemical family  Pyrazolium
•  imazamethabenz (Assert) +
•  difenzoquat (Avenge)
Rate  0.23 lb ai/A imazamethabenz (0.75 pints/A Assert 2.5LC) + 0.5 lb ai/A difenzoquat (Avenge 2LC)
Time Apply when most wild oat plants have three to five leaves on the main stem. Timing of Avenge application to wild oats frequently coincides with barley in the two- to seven-leaf stage.
Remarks  Use a nonionic surfactant with at least 80% ai or crop oil at 0.25% v/v (1 quart/100 gal) of spray mixture up to 15 gal/A application volume. If wild oats exceed 25 plants/sq ft, use a minimum spray volume of 15 gal/A by ground.
Caution  Do not apply if rain is expected within 6 hours, freezing temperatures are forecast, plants are wet, or if barley flag leaf is exposed. Do not get into eyes. Do not graze the treated field. Do not tank-mix with dicamba or with amine formulations of MCPA or 2,4-D or with phosphorus fertilizers. Do not plant red beets, oats, rape, mustard, broccoli, peas, potatoes, or lentils for at least 15 mo after application, or sugar beets for at least 20 mo after application. See label restrictions on potatoes as a follow crop. 
Site of action  (imazamethabenz) Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor; (difenzoquat) Group 26: unknown
Chemical family  (imazamethabenz) imidazolinone; (difenzoquat) none generally accepted
BARLEY—Wild Oat and Italian Ryegrass, Sequential Treatment 
•  triallate (Far-Go) +
•  diuron (Karmex or Direx)
Rate 1.25 lb ai/A triallate (1.25 quarts/A Far-Go 4EC) + 1.2 to 
1.6 lb ai/A diuron (1.5 to 2 lb/A of 80% DF)
Time  Apply triallate before or after seeding and incorporate immediately no deeper than 3 to 4 inches with two harrowings at right angles; do not use disk implements for incorporation. Apply diuron preemergence after rain settles soil.
Remarks  Use diuron only in drill-planted winter barley west of Cascades. Triallate is not effective against broadleaf weeds. Do not graze treated areas or replant diuron-treated area to any crop for 1 yr.
Site of action  (triallate) Group 8: lipid synthesis inhibitor; (diuron) Group 7: photosystem II inhibitor
Chemical family  (triallate) thiocarbamate; (diuron) substituted urea
BARLEY—Wild Oat and Other Annual Grasses
•  fenoxaprop (Puma)
Rate  0.0414 to 0.0828 lb ai/A (5.3 to 10.6 fl oz/A Puma 1EC)
Time  Apply when grass weeds are in the two-leaf to two-tiller stage, and from barley emergence up to the five-leaf stage but before the jointing stage.
Remarks  Use 5.3 fl oz/A for green foxtail, 6.4 fl oz/A for yellow foxtail and wild proso millet, and 10.6 fl oz/A for barnyardgrass, blackgrass, windgrass, and wild oat control. Under cool, wet conditions, further crop safety can be obtained by tank-mixing MCPA ester at recommended rates. In dense weed populations, a 15 to 20 gal/A spray volume is required for best control.
Caution  Do not add a surfactant when tank-mixing with broadleaf herbicides. Do not tank-mix with dicamba or 2,4-D; see label for herbicides approved for tank-mixing. Do not apply if conditions might move spray from target area. Do not apply within 57 days of harvesting barley. Do not apply through any irrigation system. Rain or sprinkler irrigation within 1 hour after application may reduce wild oat control.
Site of action  Group 1: acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor 
Chemical family  Aryloxyphenoxy propionate
•  tralkoxydim  (Achieve Liquid)
Rate  0.18 to 0.24 lb ai/A (6.9 to 9.2 fl oz/A Achieve 3.33SC)
Time  Apply to wild oat at the one- to six-leaf growth stage (total leaves including tillers), foxtail species at the one- to five-leaf stage, Italian ryegrass and Persian darnel at the one- to four-leaf stage. Italian ryegrass control is best when applied in fall, before dormancy. Apply to barley up to flag-leaf stage.
Remarks  Always add Supercharge adjuvant at 0.5% v/v (2 quarts/100 gal water). Use the high rate when soil is dry, weeds are large, weed population is high, or crop canopy is dense. Rain 1 hour or more after application does not affect Achieve. Rotation cereal grain and leafy crops may be planted 30 days after application. All other rotation crops may be planted 106 days after application.
Caution  Do not apply if temperature is below 40°F; crop injury may be unacceptable. Do not apply within 60 days of harvesting grain. Immature crops may be grazed or cut for hay 30 days after treatment.
Site of action  Group 1: acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor 
Chemical family  Cyclohexanedione
•  pinoxaden (Axial, Axial XL)
Rate  0.053 lb ai/A (8.2 oz/A Axial 0.83EC, 16.4 oz/A Axial XL 0.42EC)
Time  Apply to spring barley from the two-leaf to preboot stage. Apply to wild oat from one- to six-leaf stage on the main stem but before the fourth tiller emerges. Apply to green foxtail and Italian ryegrass from one- to five-leaf stage on the main stem but before third tiller emerges.
Remarks  Use Adigor adjuvant (supplied with Axial) at 9.6 oz/A. Use at least 5 gal/A water in aerial applications, 5 to 10 gal/A water in ground applications. Surfactant not required with Axial XL formulation.
Caution  Avoid applying in more than 10 gal/A water, or grass control may be reduced. Do not apply to a crop stressed by conditions such as frost, low fertility, drought, flooding, or disease or insect damage, or crop may be injured.
Site of action  Group 1: acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor 
Chemical family  Phenylpyrazolin
BARLEY—Annual Grass and Broadleaf Weeds
•  diuron (Karmex or Direx)
Rate  1.2 to 1.6 lb ai/A (1.5 to 2 lb/A of the 80% DF)
Time  Apply after drill planting but before weeds emerge.
Remarks  Use west of Cascades only in winter barley. A smooth, moist seedbed and moisture after treatment enhance weed control.
Caution  Do not use on spring barley. Do not replant to any crop within 1 yr. Exceptions exist with applications made before November.
Site of action  Group 7: photosystem II inhibitor 
Chemical family  Substituted urea
•  metribuzin (Sencor)
Rate  0.75 to 8 oz ai/A (1 to 10.66 oz/A of the 75% DF or 1.5 to 16 fl oz/A of Sencor 4FL)
Time  Apply low rates (0.75 to 3 oz ai/A) when barley is in two-leaf to four-tiller growth stage. Apply 3 to 8 oz ai/A when barley has more than four tillers and secondary roots are longer than 1 inch but before jointing growth stage.
Remarks  Best control is on weeds less than 2 inches tall. Do not apply more than 8 oz ai/A in 1 yr. If applying sequentially, allow at least 45 days between applications. 
Caution  Certain barley varieties should not be treated with metribuzin; see label. On irrigated cereals, do not apply more than 0.5 inch water for the first irrigation; in each additional irrigation, do not exceed 1 inch. Allow at least 14 days between the first and subsequent irrigations.
Site of action  Group 5: photosystem II inhibitor
Chemical family  Triazinone

BARLEY—Annual Broadleaf Weeds
•  bromoxynil (several trade names) 
Rate  0.25 to 0.5 lb ai/A
Time  Apply to weeds up to the four-leaf stage, or 2 inches tall, or 1 inch diameter, whichever is first.
Remarks  More effective east of Cascades. Do not graze for 45 days. Be aware that bromoxynil is formulated as 2 lb and 4 lb ai/gal; be sure to use the correct amount of herbicide. Bromoxynil is very compatible with many other broadleaf herbicides. Control is more consistent with tank-mixtures.
Site of action  Group 6: photosystem II inhibitor 
Chemical family  Nitrile
•  bromoxynil + MCPA (several trade names)
Rate  0.5 to 1 lb ai/A
Time  Apply in spring when barley is in the three-leaf stage but before it reaches boot stage.
Remarks  Use higher rate for larger or more resistant weeds. Do not graze treated fields for 45 days after application. Most effective when applied to weeds up to 2 inches tall or across. Controls some large broadleaf weeds, but consistency declines. Be aware that bromoxynil + MCPA is formulated as 4 lb and 5 lb ai/gal; be sure to use the correct amount of herbicide.
Caution  Do not permit mixture to drift off target.
Site of action  (bromoxynil) Group 6: photosystem II inhibitor; (MCPA) Group 4: synthetic auxin 
Chemical family  (bromoxynil) nitrile; (MCPA) phenoxy acetic acid
•  carfentrazone (Aim 2EC)
Rate  0.008 to 0.031 lb ai/A (0.5 to 2 fl oz/A Aim 2EC)
Time  Apply from 30 days before planting to the jointing stage and to actively growing weeds up to 4 inches tall or 3 inches across.
Remarks  Include a nonionic surfactant at 0.25% v/v (2 pints/100 gal spray solution). A high-quality sprayable liquid nitrogen fertilizer may be used at 2% to 4% v/v or ammonium sulfate at 2 to 4 lb/A in addition to the nonionic surfactant. Coverage is essential for good control. Aim may be tank-mixed with other broadleaf and grass herbicides. Consult label for more information.
Caution  Do not exceed 0.5 oz ai/A/yr. Tank-mixes with EC or ester formulations of other herbicides may increase leaf speckling. Do not use Aim with crop oil concentrate, methylated seed oil, or silicone-based adjuvants.
Site of action  Group 14: protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor
Chemical family  Triazinone
•  2,4-D
Rate  0.25 to 1 lb ae/A
Time  Apply when barley is fully tillered but before jointing.
Remarks  Individual 2,4-D labels may vary slightly on use rates and application timing. Check label to ensure proper rate and application timing.
Caution  If using 2,4-D, do not forage or graze treated grain fields within 2 wk after treatment. Do not feed treated straw to livestock. Do not let 2,4-D drift off target.
Site of action  Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  Phenoxy acetic acid
•  florasulam + MCPA ester (Orion) 
Rate  0.32 lb ai/A (17 fl oz/A Orion 2.373EC)
Time  Apply from 3-leaf barley growth stage up to jointing stage. Apply when weeds are actively growing.
Remarks  An adjuvant may be added to optimize herbicidal activity under suboptimal conditions. Do not apply more than 17 fl oz Orion/A per growing season. Livestock may be grazed on treated crops 7 days following application. Do not apply within 60 days of barley harvest.
Caution  Do not let Orion drift off target.
Site of action  (florasulam) Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor; (MCPA) Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  (florasulam) Triazolopyrimidine; (MCPA) phenoxy acetic acid
•  MCPA
Rate  0.25 to 0.5 lb ae/A
Time  The 0.25-lb rate can be applied after the grain has four leaves. Higher rates can be applied after the grain is fully tillered but before jointing.
Remarks  Grazing interval varies by label from 7 to 14 days. Individual MCPA labels may vary slightly on use rates and grazing interval. Check label to ensure proper rate and application timing.
Caution  Do not let MCPA drift off target.
Site of action  Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  Phenoxy acetic acid
•  chlorsulfuron (Glean) +
•  another broadleaf herbicide with a different mode of action
Rate  0.12 to 0.25 oz ai/A (0.16 to 0.33 oz/A Glean 75DF). Do not use more than 0.33 oz/A in an 18-mo period.
Time  Apply in fall or spring any time after most weeds have emerged and after crop is in two-leaf stage through second joint.
Remarks  Chlorsulfuron controls a wide range of broadleaf annuals and inhibits Canada thistle. It will not control nightshades. For best results, add a surfactant of at least 80% ai at 1 to 2 quarts/100 gal. For specific weed problems, various tank-mixes are possible; see manufacturer’s label for recommendations.
Caution  Do not use on soils above pH 7.9. Chlorsulfuron can persist in soil. Follow label instructions carefully regarding crop rotations. Many crops may not be planted within 24 mo or longer after application. See label for cautions on tank-mix or sequential applications with organophosphate insecticides and applications just before or during adverse conditions such as cold or freezing weather.
Site of action  Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor 
Chemical family  Sulfonylurea
•  prosulfuron (Peak) +
•  another broadleaf herbicide with a different mode of action
Rate  0.22 to 0.29 oz ai/A (0.38 to 0.5 oz/A Peak 57WDG)
Time  Apply postemergence from crop emergence to before the second node is detectable in stem elongation.
Remarks  Results are best when weeds are young and actively growing. If tank-mixing with another broadleaf herbicide, prosulfuron may be applied at 0.25 oz/A. Apply with nonionic surfactant of at least 80% ai at 1 to 2 quarts/100 gal, or a crop oil concentrate of at least 12% emulsifier at 1 to 4 pints/A.
Caution  Carefully follow crop rotations instructions on label. Do not let spray drift to nontarget crops. See label for cautions on tank-mix or sequential applications with organophosphate insecticides and applications just before or during adverse conditions such as freezing weather.
Site of action  Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor
Chemical family  Sulfonylurea
•  triasulfuron (Amber) +
•  another broadleaf herbicide with a different mode of action
Rate  0.21 to 0.35 oz ai/A (0.28 to 0.47 oz/A Amber 75DF)
Time  Apply when crop is in the two-leaf to preboot growth stage.
Remarks  Control is best when weeds are actively growing and 2 inches or less in height or diameter. Add a surfactant of at least 80% ai at 1 to 2 quarts/100 gal.
Caution  Triasulfuron can persist in soil. Follow label instructions when rotating to barley. At these rates, wheat can be seeded immediately after application; all other crops require a field bioassay. Do not allow spray to drift to nontarget crops. Do not apply when barley is stressed due to temperature, moisture, disease, or insects. See label for use restrictions in sections of Washington and Oregon west of Cascades. Do not apply with or sequentially to malathion.
Site of action  Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor 
Chemical family  Sulfonylurea
•  triasulfuron + dicamba (Rave)
Rate  1.28 to 2.56 oz ai/A (2 to 4 oz/A Rave 63.8WDG)
Time  Apply to seedling weeds up to spring barley four-leaf stage and winter barley jointing stage.
Remarks  Maximum use rate is 2 oz/A Rave in spring barley and 4 oz/A in winter barley. Controls many broadleaf weeds. Rain within 4 hours of application may reduce herbicide effectiveness. Include nonionic surfactant at 0.125% to 0.25% v/v (1 to 2 pints/100 gal) when water is the carrier.
Caution  Washington growers must abide by all sulfonylurea aerial application rules. Do not let spray drift to nontarget crops or desirable plants. Preharvest interval is 37 days for hay or grain. Do not apply within 4 hours of rain or sprinkler irrigation.
Site of action  (triasulfuron) Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor; (dicamba) Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  (triasulfuron) sulfonylurea; (dicamba) benzoic acid
•  dicamba (Banvel, Clarity, or others)
Rate  0.06 to 0.094 lb ae/A (2 to 3 fl oz/A Clarity or Banvel 4SC)
Time  Apply after weeds have emerged (two- to three-leaf stage or less than 2 inches in diameter) but before spring barley exceeds the four-leaf stage or before fall barley begins jointing.
Remarks  To avoid injuring desirable crops, do not apply dicamba in the vicinity of sensitive species or if air is expected to exceed 85°F.
Site of action  Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  Benzoic acid
•  chlorsulfuron + metsulfuron (Finesse) +
•  another broadleaf herbicide with a different mode of action
Rate  0.15 to 0.3 oz ai/A fall (0.2 to 0.4 oz/A Finesse 75DF) or 0.15 to 0.23 oz ai/A spring (0.2 to 0.3 oz/A Finesse 75DF)
Time  Apply in fall any time after crop is in the two-leaf stage. For spring barley, apply after crop is in two-leaf through second-joint stage.
Remarks  Finesse controls a wide range of broadleaf weeds and inhibits Canada thistle. For best results, add a surfactant of at least 80% ai at a rate of 1 to 2 quarts/100 gal. Various tank-mixes are possible for specific weed problems; consult label.
Caution  Do not use on soils above pH 7.9. Do not apply before barley emerges or crop will be injured. Finesse can persist in soil. Carefully follow label instructions on crop rotations. Many crops may not be planted within 2 yr or longer after application.
Site of action  (both) Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor
Chemical family  (both) sulfonylurea
•  metsulfuron (Ally) +
•  another broadleaf herbicide with a different mode of action
Rate  0.06 oz ai/A (0.1 oz/A Ally 60DF)
Time  Apply postemergence after barley has two leaves but before boot stage.
Remarks  Metsulfuron methyl controls a wide range of broadleaf weeds and inhibits Canada thistle. For best results, add a surfactant of at least 80% ai at 1 to 2 quarts/100 gal. Apply to difficult-to-control weeds while they are actively growing and not more than 2 inches tall or across. To broaden the spectrum of control, tank-mix with a suitable registered herbicide such as 2,4-D, bromoxynil, dicamba, or MCPA. Time application to coincide with recommendation for specific tank-mix partner.
Caution  Metsulfuron methyl can persist in soil. Carefully follow label instructions on crop rotations.
Site of action  Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor 
Chemical family  Sulfonylurea
•  thifensulfuron + tribenuron (Harmony Extra)  +
•  another broadleaf herbicide with a different mode of action
Rate  0.23 to 0.45 oz ai/A (0.3 to 0.6 oz/A Harmony Extra 75DF)
Time  Apply after barley is in two-leaf stage but before flag leaf is visible.
Remarks  For best results, add a surfactant of at least 80% ai at 1 to 2 quarts/100 gal. Apply when weeds are young and actively growing and when conditions include temperatures of 60°F or higher and adequate soil moisture before, during, and immediately after treatment. See most recent grass herbicide label for tank-mix restrictions.
Caution  Do not let this herbicide drift off target. Do not plant any crop but wheat or barley for 45 days after application. Sugar beets, winter rape, and canola cannot be planted until 60 days after application.
Site of action  (both) Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor 
Chemical family  (both) sulfonylurea
•  tribenuron (Express XP) +
•  another broadleaf herbicide with a different mode of action
Rate  0.13 to 0.25 oz ai/A (0.17 to 0.33 oz/A Express XP 75DF)
Time  Apply after barley is in two-leaf stage but before flag leaf is visible.
Remarks  For best results, add a surfactant of at least 80% ai at 1 to 2 quarts/100 gal. Apply when weeds are young and actively growing, temperature is 60°F or higher, and moisture is adequate before, during, and immediately after treatment. See most recent grass herbicide label for tank-mix restrictions.
Caution  Do not let spray drift to adjacent crops or land. Do not apply during air temperature inversions. Immediately after spraying, thoroughly clean mixing and spraying equipment. Do not plant any crop but wheat or barley for 45 days after application. Sugar beets, winter rape, and canola cannot be planted until 60 days after application.
Site of action  Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor 
Chemical family  Sulfonylurea
•  thifensulfuron (Harmony GT) +
•  another broadleaf herbicide with a different mode of action
Rate  0.23 to 0.45 oz ai/A (0.3 to 0.6 oz/A Harmony GT 75DF)
Time  Apply after barley is in the two-leaf stage but before the flag leaf is visible.
Remarks  For best results, add a surfactant of at least 80% ai at 1 to 2 quarts/100 gal. Apply when weeds are young and actively growing, temperature is 60°F or higher, and moisture is adequate before, during, and immediately after treatment. See most recent grass herbicide label for tank-mix restrictions.
Caution  Do not let spray drift to adjacent crops or land. Do not apply during air temperature inversions. Immediately after spraying, thoroughly clean mixing and spraying equipment. Wheat, barley, oats, and field corn may be planted any time after applying. Other crops may be planted 45 days after applying.
Site of action  Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor 
Chemical family  Sulfonylurea
•  thifensulfuron + tribenuron (Affinity BroadSpec)  +
•  another broadleaf herbicide with a different mode of action
Rate  0.2 to 0.5 oz ai/A (0.4 to 1 oz/A Affinity BroadSpec 50SG)
Time  Apply after barley is in two-leaf stage but before flag leaf is visible.
Remarks  Add a nonionic surfactant at 0.25% v/v or 1 quart/100 gal. Use with another broadleaf herbicide with a different mode of action. Results are best when weeds are young and actively growing, temperature is 60°F or higher, and soil moisture is adequate before, during, and immediately after treatment. See most recent grass herbicide label for tank-mix restrictions.
Caution  Do not let this herbicide drift off target. Do not plant any crop but wheat or barley for 45 days after application. Sugar beets, winter rape, and canola cannot be planted until 60 days after application.
Site of action  (both) Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor 
Chemical family  (both) sulfonylurea
•  thifensulfuron + tribenuron (Affinity TankMix)  +
•  another broadleaf herbicide with a different mode of action
Rate  0.3 to 0.5 oz ai/A (0.6 to 1 oz /A Affinity TankMix 50SG)
Time  Apply after barley is in two-leaf stage but before flag leaf is visible.
Remarks Add a nonionic surfactant at 0.25% v/v or 1 quart/100 gal. Use with another broadleaf herbicide with a different mode of action. Results are best when weeds are young and actively growing, temperature is 60°F or higher, and soil moisture is adequate before, during, and immediately after treatment. See most recent grass herbicide label for tank-mix restrictions.
Caution  Do not let this herbicide drift off target. Do not plant any crop but wheat or barley for 45 days after application. Sugar beets, winter rape, and canola cannot be planted until 60 days after application.
Site of action  (both) Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor 
Chemical family  (both) sulfonylurea
• thifensulfuron + tribenuron + metsulfuron methyl (Ally Extra) +
•  another broadleaf herbicide with a different mode of action
Rate  0.14 to 0.28 oz ai/A (0.2 to 0.4 oz/A Ally Extra 71.25DF)
Time  Apply after barley is in two-leaf stage but before flag leaf is visible.
Remarks  Add a nonionic surfactant at 0.25% v/v or 1 quart/100 gal. Use with another broadleaf herbicide with a different mode of action. Use 0.4-oz/A rate on heavy weed infestations. Results are best when weeds are young and actively growing, temperature is 60°F or higher, and soil moisture is adequate before, during, and immediately after treatment. See most recent grass herbicide label for tank-mix restrictions.
Caution  Do not let this herbicide drift off target. Do not plant any crop but wheat or barley for 45 days after application. Sugar beets, winter rape, and canola cannot be planted until 60 days after application.
Site of action  (all) Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor 
Chemical family  (all) sulfonylurea
•  metsulfuron (Ally) +
•  another broadleaf herbicide with a different mode of action
Rate  0.06 oz ai/A (0.1 oz/A Ally 60XP)
Time  Apply postemergence after wheat has two leaves but before boot stage; see label for postemergence application timing when using tank-mixes.
Remarks  Metsulfuron controls a wide range of broadleaf weeds and inhibits Canada thistle. For best results, add a surfactant of at least 80% ai at 1 to 2 quarts/100 gal. Apply to difficult-to-control weeds while they are actively growing and not more than 2 inches tall or wide. To broaden the spectrum of control, tank-mix with a suitable registered herbicide such as 2,4-D.
Caution  Do not use on soils above pH 7.9. Metsulfuron can persist in soil. Carefully follow label instructions on crop rotations. Many crops may not be planted within 2 yr or longer after applying. See label for cautions on tank-mix or sequential applications with organophosphate insecticides and applications just before or during adverse conditions such as cold or freezing weather.
Site of action  Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor
Chemical family  Sulfonylurea
•  fluroxypyr (Starane Ultra)
Rate  0.105 to 0.25 lb ae/A (0.3 to 0.7 pints/A Starane Ultra 2.8EC)
Time  Apply to actively growing barley from two-leaf stage up to and including flag leaf emergence.
Remarks  May be tank-mixed with other broadleaf weed herbicides registered for use in barley. Follow the most restrictive label statement of the tank-mix products used. Use 1.33 pints/A for volunteer potato control.
Caution  Do not apply more than once per growing season. Do not let livestock graze treated areas. Preharvest intervals are 7days for forage, 14 days for hay, and 40 days for grain or straw.
Site of action  Group 4: synthetic auxin 
Chemical family  Pyridine
•  pyrasulfotole + bromoxynil (Huskie) 
Rate  0.027 to 0.037 lb pyrasulfotole + 0.22 to 0.29 lb bromoxynil/A (11 to 15 oz/A Huskie 2.06EC)
Time  Apply to active growing barley after the 1-leaf growth stage up to flag leaf emergence.
Remarks  Compatible with many commonly used tank-mix partners. Spray additives such as ammonium sulfate, urea ammonium nitrate, or nonionic surfactant may be used especially under challenging conditions to optimize herbicide activity. Apply alone or in a tank-mix with other herbicides to actively growing weeds.
Caution  Rain within 1 hour after application may reduce control. Do not apply more than once per season. Preharvest interval is 25 days for forage and 60 days for straw or grain.
Site of action  (pyrasulfotole) Group 27: 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitor; (bromoxynil) Group 6: photosystem II inhibitor
Chemical family  (pyrasulfotole) pyrazole; (bromoxynil) nitrile

BARLEY—Annual Broadleaf Weeds and Canada Thistle
•  clopyralid + 2,4-D amine (Curtail)
Rate  0.6 to 0.8 lb ae/A (2 to 2.66 pints/A Curtail 2.38SC)
Time  Apply in spring to young, actively growing weeds after grain begins tillering up to jointing stage (first node on stem detectable).
Remarks  This combination is particularly effective on members of the sunflower family, including Canada thistle and mayweed. Controlling tough winter annual weeds such as corn gromwell and fiddleneck  requires tank-mixing with other herbicides. Check Curtail label for details on mixtures. For Canada thistle, apply after most basal leaves emerge but before bud stage.
Caution  Curtail can persist in soil. Do not plant wheat, barley, oats, grasses, or field corn within 30 days of application. Do not plant sugar beets in the same growing season after treatment. Do not rotate to beans, lentils, peas, potatoes, or broadleaf seed crops for at least 18 mo after treatment, depending on annual precipitation. Carefully follow label restrictions on rotation with many other crops.
Site of action  (both) Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  (clopyralid) pyridine; (2,4-D) phenoxy acetic acid
•  clopyralid + MCPA (Curtail M)
Rate  0.6 to 0.8 lb ae/A (1.75 to 2.33 pints/A Curtail M 2.77SC)
Time  Apply in spring to actively growing weeds after grain has three unfolded leaves on the main stem, up to jointing stage (first node on stem detectable).
Remarks  Apply before weeds exceed 3 inches in height or diameter. For Canada thistle, apply after most basal leaves emerge but before bud stage.
Caution  Curtail M can persist in soil. Do not plant wheat, barley, oats, grasses, or field corn within 30 days of applying. Do not plant sugar beets in the same growing season after treatment. Do not rotate to beans, lentils, peas, potatoes, or broadleaf seed crops for at least 18 mo after treatment, depending on annual precipitation. Carefully follow label on rotation restrictions on many other crops.
Site of action  (both) Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  (clopyralid) pyridine; (MCPA) phenoxy acetic acid
•  fluroxypyr + clopyralid (WideMatch)
Rate  0.188 to 0.25 lb ae/A (1 to 1.33 pints/A WideMatch 1.5EC)
Time  Apply from three-leaf stage up to and including flag leaf emergence. Weeds must be actively growing and not more than 4-inches tall or twining.
Remarks  May be applied in tank-mix combinations with labeled rates of other products. Apply to weeds up to 4 to 8 inches tall, depending on rate. Tank-mix with MCPA, Harmony GT, or 2,4-D. Compatible with all grass herbicides.
Caution  Plant-back restrictions differ for alfalfa, asparagus, canola, Brassica species grown for seed, dry beans, mint, onions, sweet corn, potatoes, and sugar beets; see label for crop rotation restrictions. Do not use plant residues—including hay or straw from treated areas or manure or bedding from animals that have consumed forages from treated areas—for compost or mulch where susceptible plants may grow next season. Avoid moving treated soils, and avoid conditions under which soil from a treated area may be moved or blown to areas with susceptible plants.
Site of action  (both) Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  (both) pyridine
•  fluroxypyr + bromoxynil (Starane NXT)
Rate  0.32 to 0.625 lb ae/A (14 to 27.4 fl oz/A Starane NXT 2.9EC)
Time  Apply from three-leaf growth stage up to and including flag leaf emergence. Weeds must be actively growing and not more than 8 inches tall or twining, depending on weed species. This product may be tank-mixed with other products registered for postemergence weed control.
Caution  Do not use in barley underseeded with a legume. Do not exceed 2 pints/A per growing season. Do not let livestock graze treated areas; do not harvest treated forage within 7 days of application. Do not apply within 45 days of cutting for hay or within 40 days of harvesting grain or straw.
Site of action  (fluroxypyr) Group 4: synthetic auxin; (bromoxynil) Group 6: photosystem II inhibitor
Chemical family (fluroxypyr) pyridine; (bromoxynil) nitrile
•  clopyralid (Stinger or Clopyr Ag)
Rate  0.09 to 0.125 lb ae/A (0.25 to 0.33 pints/A Stinger or Clopyr Ag 3SC)
Time  Apply to actively growing weeds when crop is in three-leaf to early boot growth stage. Only weeds emerged at application will be affected.
Remarks  To control Canada thistle, use 0.33-pint/A rate. Russian knapweed will be only suppressed at this rate. Do not exceed a total of 0.66 pint/A/yr.
Caution  Do not plant alfalfa, asparagus, canola, Brassica species grown for seed, dry beans, mint, onions, or sweet corn in the first 12 mo after application. Consult label for crop rotation restrictions related to annual precipitation. 
Site of action  Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  Pyridine
BARLEY—Preharvest Weed Control
•  2,4-D (several trade names)
Rate  0.5 to 1 lb ae/A
Time  Apply when barley is in hard dough stage to control weeds that will interfere with harvest. 
Remarks  Results are best when soil moisture is sufficient for active weed growth.
Caution  Do not let 2,4-D drift off target.
Site of action  Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  Phenoxy acetic acid
•  glyphosate (several trade names)
Rate  0.375 to 0.75 lb ae/A
Time  Apply after feed barley is in hard dough stage (less than or equal to 20% moisture).
Remarks  Use on feed barley only. Preharvest application is not recommended for barley grown for seed. Be aware that glyphosate is formulated as 3 lb, 4 lb, 4.17 lb, 4.5 lb, and 5 lb ae/gal; be sure to use the correct amount of herbicide. Do not exceed 0.75 lb ae/A per season. Preharvest interval is 7 days.
Caution  Do not let glyphosate drift off target.
Site of action  Group 9: inhibits EPSP synthase 
Chemical family  None generally accepted
•  carfentrazone (Aim EC) 
Rate  0.016 to 0.031 lb ai/A (1 to 2 fl oz/A Aim 2EC)
Time  Apply when crop is mature and grain has begun to dry down
Remarks A nonionic surfactant (NIS), methylated seed oil (MSO), or crop oil concentrate (COC) is required. Coverage is essential for satisfactory performance. Repeat application if necessary.
Caution  If applied as a tank-mixture, refer to the other product’s label for restrictions on tank-mixing and observe all label precautions, instructions, and rotational cropping restrictions.
Site of action  Group 14: protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor
Chemical family  Triazinone
•  Carfentrazone + 2,4-D (Rage D-Tech) 
Rate  0.76 to 1.51 lb ai/A (16 to 32 fl oz/A Rage D-Tech 6.05EC)
Time  Apply when grain is in hard dough stage to control weeds that will interfere with harvest.
Remarks  A nonionic surfactant (NIS), methylated seed oil (MSO) or crop oil concentrate (COC) is required. Coverage is essential for satisfactory performance.
Caution  Do not exceed 1.51 lb ai/A Rage D-Tech per year. Do not apply closer than 7 days before harvest. Do not feed straw to livestock. Do not graze dairy or meat animals being finished for slaughter for 14 days after application.
Site of action Group 14: protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor , Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  Triazinone, (2,4-D) phenoxy acetic acid.

Oats
Don Morishita and Dan Ball
Revised December 5, 2008
OATS—Annual Grass and Broadleaf Weeds
•  glyphosate (several trade names)
Rate  0.375 to 0.75 lb ae/A
Time  Apply before, during, or after planting oats. Must be applied before oats emerge.
Remarks  This application works best with a delay between tillage and planting so weeds emerge before the oats. Usually, the lowest rate can be used because weeds are less than 1 inch tall. Glyphosate may also be used as a spot treatment in fields. Do not treat more than 10% of the field to be harvested.
Caution  Carefully check the entire field to ensure that no oats have begun to emerge. Do not let glyphosate drift off target.
Site of action  Group 9: inhibits EPSP synthase
Chemical family  None generally accepted
•  diuron (Karmex or Direx)
Rate  0.8 to 1.2 lb ai/A (1 to 1.5 lb/A of the 80% DF)
Time  Fall-planted: apply after planting but before oats emerge. Spring-planted: apply after planting either before or after crop emerges but within 6 wk of planting.
Remarks  Use west of Cascades on fall-planted oats, east of Cascades on spring-planted oats if average annual rain exceeds 16 inches. A smooth, moist seedbed and moisture after treatment aid weed control. Do not replant to any crop within 1 yr.
Site of action  Group 7: photosystem II inhibitor 
Chemical family  Substituted urea
OATS—Annual Broadleaf Weeds
•  bromoxynil (several trade names)
Rate  0.25 to 0.5 lb ai/A
Time  Apply to weeds up to four-leaf stage, or 2 inches tall, or 1 inch wide, whichever is first.
Remarks  Do not use after oats begin to joint. More effective east of Cascades. Do not graze for 45 days. Be aware that bromoxynil is formulated as 2 lb or 4 lb ai/gal; be sure to use the correct amount of herbicide. Bromoxynil is very compatible with many other broadleaf herbicides. Control is more consistent with tank-mixtures. May use 0.5 lb ai/A with chemigation.
Site of action  Group 6: photosystem II inhibitor
Chemical family  Nitrile
•  mesotrione  (Callisto) 
Rate  0.094 to 0.188 lb ai/A (3 to 6 fl oz/A Callisto 4FL
Time  Apply preemergence (6 fl oz/A) or postemergence (3 fl oz/A).
Remarks  Follow the rate recommendations depending on application timing. For postemergence applications, weeds should be less than 5 inches tall. Addition of a crop oil concentrate at 1% v/v or a nonionic surfactant at 0.25% v/v is recommended. Urea ammonium nitrate at 2.5% v/v or ammonium sulfate at 8.5 lb/100 gal spray solution may be added for improved weed control. Addition of COC or NIS can increase injury potential.
Caution Do not graze or feed forage from treated areas within 30 days following application. Do not harvest oats with 50 days after application. Do not apply more than once per year.
Site of action  Group 27: 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitor
Chemical family  Triketone
•  2,4-D 
Rate  0.25 to 0.5 lb ae/A
Time  Apply after plants are fully tillered but before stems begin to joint.
Remarks  Do not apply during boot or dough stage. If using 2,4-D do not forage or graze treated grain fields within 2 wk after treatment. Do not feed treated straw to livestock.
Caution  Not all 2,4-D is registered for this use. Check the 2,4-D label to determine whether it is registered for use on oats.
Site of action  Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  Phenoxy acetic acid
•  MCPA
Rate  0.25 to 0.5 lb ae/A
Time  Apply to actively growing weeds when oats have three to five leaves or up to early boot stage.
Remarks  May use up to 3 pints/A on less susceptible weeds after oats have tillered but before early boot stage. Individual MCPA labels may vary slightly on use rates, application timing, and grazing interval. Check label to ensure proper rate and application timing.
Caution  Do not permit dairy animals or meat animals being finished for slaughter to graze or forage on treated fields within 2 wk after applying. Do not permit MCPA to drift off target.
Site of action  Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  Phenoxy acetic acid
•  clopyralid (Stinger or Clopyr Ag)
Rate  0.094 to 0.125 lb ae/A (0.25 to 0.33 pint/A Stinger or Clopyr Ag 3SC)
Time  Apply from three-leaf up to early boot stage of growth. Apply to actively growing weeds. Only weeds emerged at the time of application will be affected.
Remarks  To control perennial weeds such as Canada thistle, use the 0.33-pint/A rate.
Caution  Do not exceed a total of 0.66 pint/A/yr. Wheat, barley, oats, grasses, field corn, or sugar beets may be planted at any time after treatment. See label restrictions on rotation crops. Do not apply by air during an air temperature inversion.
Site of action  Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  Pyridine
•  thifensulfuron + tribenuron (Harmony Extra)
Rate  0.23 to 0.3 oz ai/A (0.3 to 0.4 oz/A Harmony Extra 75DF)
Time  Apply after the crop is in the three-leaf stage but before jointing.
Remarks  For best results add a surfactant of at least 80% ai at 1 to 2 quarts/100 gal. Apply to young, actively growing weeds when temperature is 60°F or higher and soil moisture is adequate before, during, and immediately after treatment.
Caution  Do not let this herbicide drift off target. Do not plant any crop but wheat or barley for 45 days after application. Sugar beets, winter rape, and canola cannot be planted until 60 days after application.
Site of action  (both) Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor
Chemical family  (both) sulfonylurea
•  chlorsulfuron (Glean)+
•  another broadleaf herbicide with a  different mode of action
spring oats only east of Cascades; spring and winter oats west of Cascades
Rate  0.12 to 0.25 oz ai/A (0.17 to 0.33 oz/A Glean 75DF)
Time  Apply postemergence after spring oats have two to three leaves and before the boot stage. Apply before weeds are 2 inches tall or wide.
Remarks  Chlorsulfuron controls a wide range of broadleaf annuals and inhibits Canada thistle. It will not control nightshades. For best results, add a surfactant of at least 80% ai at 1 to 2 quarts/100 gal. Tank-mixes are possible for specific weed problems; see label recommendations.
Caution  Do not use on soils above pH 7.9. See label for other pH restrictions. Chlorsulfuron can persist in soil. Carefully follow label instructions on crop rotations. Many crops may not be planted for 24 months or longer after applying. See label cautions on tank-mix or sequential applications with organophosphate insecticides and applications just before or during adverse conditions such as cold or freezing weather.
Site of action  Group 2: acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor
Chemical family  Sulfonylurea
•  dicamba (Banvel, Clarity, or other)
Rate  0.06 to 0.125 lb ae/A (2 to 4 fl oz/A Clarity or Banvel 4SC)
Time  Winter oats: after spring growth starts. Spring oats: at two- to five-leaf stage.
Remarks  Do not use east of Cascades. Do not apply after oats begin to joint. Do not feed to dairy stock before crop matures. Do not tank-mix with 2,4-D.
Caution  Do not permit dicamba to drift off target.
Site of action  Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  Benzoic acid
•  MCPA amine +
•  dicamba (Banvel or Clarity)
Rate  0.25 to 0.375 lb ae/A MCPA amine + 0.06 to 0.125 lb ae/A dicamba
Time  Fall-seeded oats: before jointing. Spring-seeded oats: before passing the five-leaf stage.
Remarks  Do not use after oats begin to joint. Do not feed to dairy stock before crop matures.
Caution  Do not permit this combination to drift off target.
Site of action  (both) Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  (MCPA) phenoxy acetic acid; (dicamba) benzoic acid
•  fluroxypyr (Starane Ultra)
Rate  0.105 to 0.25 lb ae/A (0.3 to 0.7 pints/A Starane Ultra 2.8EC)
Time  Apply to actively growing oats from two-leaf growth stage up to and including flag leaf emergence.
Remarks  May be tank-mixed with other broadleaf weed herbicides registered for use in oats. Follow the most restrictive label statement of the tank-mix products used. Use the 1.33-pints/A rate for volunteer potato control.
Caution  Do not let livestock graze treated areas or harvest treated forage within 7 days of application. Do not apply within 14 days before cutting for hay or 40 days before harvesting grain or straw.
Site of action  Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  Pyridine
•  fluroxypyr + clopyralid (WideMatch)
Rate  0.188 to 0.25 lb ae/A (1 to 1.33 pints/A WideMatch 1.5EC)
Time  Apply from three-leaf growth stage up to and including flag leaf emergence. Weeds must be actively growing and not more than 4 inches tall or twining.
Remarks  May be applied in tank-mix combinations with labeled rates of other products. Apply to weeds up to 4 to 8 inches tall, depending on rate. Tank-mix with MCPA, Harmony GT, or 2,4-D. Compatible with all grass herbicides.
Caution  Plant-back restrictions differ for alfalfa, asparagus, canola, Brassica species grown for seed, dry beans, mint, onions, potatoes, sugar beets, and sweet corn; see label for crop rotation restrictions.
Site of action  (both) Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  (both) pyridine
•  pyrasulfotole + bromoxynil (Huskie) 
Rate  0.027 to 0.037 lb pyrasulfotole + 0.22 to 0.29 lb bromoxynil/A (11 to 15 oz/A Huskie 2.06EC)
Time  Apply to active growing oats after the 1-leaf growth stage up to flag leaf emergence.
Remarks  Compatible with many commonly used tank-mix partners. Spray additives such as ammonium sulfate, urea ammonium nitrate, or nonionic surfactant may be used especially under challenging conditions to optimize herbicide activity. Apply alone or in a tank-mix with other herbicides to actively growing weeds.
Caution  Rain within 1 hour after application may reduce control. Do not apply more than once per season. Preharvest interval is 25 days for forage and 60 days for straw or grain.
Site of action  (pyrasulfotole) Group 27: 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitor; (bromoxynil) Group 6: photosystem II inhibitor
Chemical family  (pyrasulfotole) pyrazole; (bromoxynil) nitrile
OATS—Preharvest Weed Control
•  2,4-D (several trade names)
Rate  0.5 to 1 lb ae/A
Time  Apply when oats are in hard dough stage to control weeds that will interfere with harvest. 
Remarks  Results will be best when soil moisture is sufficient for active weed growth.
Caution  Do not permit 2,4-D to drift off target.
Site of action  Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  Phenoxy acetic acid
•  carfentrazone (Aim EC) 
Rate  0.016 to 0.031 lb ai/A (1 to 2 fl oz/A Aim 2EC)
Time  Apply when crop is mature and grain has begun to dry down
Remarks A nonionic surfactant (NIS), methylated seed oil (MSO), or crop oil concentrate (COC) is required. Coverage is essential for satisfactory performance. Repeat application if necessary.
Caution  If applied as a tank-mixture, refer to the other product’s label for restrictions on tank-mixing and observe all label precautions, instructions, and rotational cropping restrictions.
Site of action  Group 14: protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor
Chemical family  Triazinone
•  carfentrazone + 2,4-D (Rage D-Tech) 
Rate  0.76 to 1.51 lb ai/A (16 to 32 fl oz/A Rage D-Tech 6.05EC)
Time  Apply when grain is in hard dough stage to control weeds that will interfere with harvest. 
Remarks  A nonionic surfactant (NIS), methylated seed oil (MSO), or crop oil concentrate (COC) is required. Coverage is essential for satisfactory performance.
Caution  Do not exceed 1.51 lb ai/A Rage D-Tech per year. Do not apply less than 7 days before harvest. Do not feed straw to livestock. Do not graze dairy or meat animals being finished for slaughter for 14 days after application.
Site of action  Group 14: protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor , Group 4: synthetic auxin
Chemical family  (carfentrazone) Triazinone, (2,4-D) phenoxy acetic acid.

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